Efecto de la música sobre la ansiedad y el dolor en pacientes con ventilación mecánica / Effect of music on anxiety and pain in patients with mechanical ventilation

Resumen La capacidad de la música para aliviar la ansiedad o el dolor ha sido utilizada ampliamente a lo largo de la historia. Objetivo Examinar los efectos de la música sobre la ansiedad y el dolor en pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva. Diseño Un ensayo aleatorizado controlado con medidas repetidas. Material y método estudio prospectivo experimental con distribución aleatoria, en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel, de enero de 2009 a junio de 2010. La muestra fue de 44 participantes. La intervención consistió en una sesión musical de 30min, con auriculares, en habitación individual. Al grupo control se le mantuvo sin ningún cambio en el entorno habitual de una unidad de cuidados intensivos. A cada paciente se le realizaron un mínimo de 3 y un máximo de 5 sesiones musicales. La música fue escogida por el paciente entre una selección musical preparada por el equipo investigador. La ansiedad, el dolor y las variables hemodinámicas frecuencia cardiaca, frecuencia respiratoria, tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica se midieron en el momento basal, tras la sesión musical y una hora después de la audición musical. Resultados La musicoterapia disminuyó significativamente la ansiedad (p=0,000), medida con la escala de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI). No hubo diferencia significativa en los niveles de dolor (p=0,157), medida con la escala visual analógica. No se demostró efecto sumativo a lo largo de las múltiples sesiones. Conclusión La música reduce la ansiedad en los pacientes con ventilación mecánica invasiva, pudiéndose establecer como una herramienta no farmacológica a añadir a las opciones terapéuticas de las cuales disponemos (AU)

Abstract The power of music to relieve anxiety or pain has been widely used throughout history. Objective To evaluate effects of music on anxiety and pain in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation. Design A randomized controlled trial with repeated measures. Material and method This was a randomized, experimental prospective study in a tertiary hospital conducted from January 2009 to June 2010. The sample was made up of 44 participants. Intervention consisted in a 30-minute musical session in which the subject used a headset and was in an individual room. For the control group, the usual setting of an intensive care unit was maintained unchanged. Each patient underwent a minimum of 3 and maximum of 5 sessions. The patient per se selected the music from among a selection prepared by the investigator team. Anxiety and pain and hemodynamic variables of heart rate, respiratory rate systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at baseline, after the music session and then one-hour later. Results Music therapy significantly decreased anxiety score (P=.000) when measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scale. There were no differences in pain in the experimental group (P=.157) when measured with the visual analogue scale. No summative effects were demonstrated during multiple sessions. Conclusion Music reduces anxiety in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation. Invasive mechanical ventilation can be established as a non-pharmacologic tool added to the available therapeutic options (AU)

[Effect of music on anxiety and pain in patients with mechanical ventilation]. / Efecto de la música sobre la ansiedad y el dolor en pacientes con ventilación mecánica.

UNLABELLED: The power of music to relieve anxiety or pain has been widely used throughout history. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of music on anxiety and pain in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial with repeated measures. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a randomized, experimental prospective study in a tertiary hospital conducted from January 2009 to June 2010. The sample was made up of 44 participants. Intervention consisted in a 30-minute musical session in which the subject used a headset and was in an individual room. For the control group, the usual setting of an intensive care unit was maintained unchanged. Each patient underwent a minimum of 3 and maximum of 5 sessions. The patient per se selected the music from among a selection prepared by the investigator team. Anxiety and pain and hemodynamic variables of heart rate, respiratory rate systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at baseline, after the music session and then one-hour later. RESULTS: Music therapy significantly decreased anxiety score (P=.000) when measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scale. There were no differences in pain in the experimental group (P=.157) when measured with the visual analogue scale. No summative effects were demonstrated during multiple sessions. CONCLUSION: Music reduces anxiety in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation. Invasive mechanical ventilation can be established as a non-pharmacologic tool added to the available therapeutic options.